Click [here](https://img1.wsimg.com/blobby/go/c616bfea-edff-477a-b8fb-dc0f66310f31/PRNANO%20Vol%203(3)%20Cover.pdf) to download a hi-res image of the cover page ##FEATURE ARTICLE S.M. Moghimi and Z.S. Farhangrazi: Elevated circulating endothelin-1 as a potential biomarker for high-risk COVID-19 severity, [Precis. Nanomed. 2020 July;3(3):622-628](https://doi.org/10.33218/001c.13525), POTENTIAL CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has so far infected 10 million patients worldwide. In this article, the authors proposed and argued for the involvement of endothelin-1 (ET-1) as a possible biomarker for patients with severe disease. The unravelling of the link of ET-1 to disease mechanism will surely help design novel nanomedicine-based testing and treatment strategies for patients infected by this virus. [ALTMETRIC and CITATIONS](https://precisionnanomedicine.org/prnano-512020) **Perspective** E. Remsey-Semmelweis et al.: A Lifesaving wake-up call from the past: “WASH YOUR HANDS!”, [Precis. Nanomed. 2020 July;3(3):533-540](https://doi.org/10.33218/001c.12928), CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR: The article describes unambiguously and concisely the pioneering achievements of Dr. Semmelweis in the introduction of hygiene standards in medicine, which have significantly improved the infection rates in patients. Especially in the current corona pandemic, his scientific findings from the 19th century are of impressive topicality. [ALTMETRIC and CITATIONS](https://precisionnanomedicine.org/prnano-462020) **Perspective** A. Sommer: Thymoquinone: shield and sword against SARS-CoV-2, [Precis. Nanomed. 2020 July;3(3):541-548](https://doi.org/10.33218/001c.12984), POTENTIAL CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR: The spread of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic worldwide has been exponential over the past few months, and every effort has been used to find a drug that can combat the virus. In this article, the authors described the therapeutic potential of Thymoquinone (TQ) against the coronavirus. It is hoped that further and expedited research would be done on the safety and effective delivery of TQ for the use in clinical practice. [ALTMETRIC and CITATIONS](https://precisionnanomedicine.org/prnano-472020) **Review** Guangjun Nie et al.: Recent Advances of Nanocarriers for Effective Delivery of Therapeutic Peptides, [Precis. Nanomed. 2020 July;3(3):549-576](https://doi.org/10.33218/001c.13444) , CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR: Peptides have an increasingly important role in new drug development. Challenges in peptide formulation are, amongst others, short in-vivo half-life due to rapid enzymatic degradation. Nanotechnology offers promising strategies to address these limitations and the present review focus on recent advances and updates on peptide-based nanomedicines with an outlook on future developments in this emerging field. [ALTMETRIC and CITATIONS](https://precisionnanomedicine.org/prnano-442020) **Review** Eder L. Romero et al: Toll-like receptor agonist-based nanomedicines as veterinary immunotherapies, [Precis. Nanomed. 2020 July;3(3):577-607](https://doi.org/10.33218/001c.13493), POTENTIAL CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR: The health of animals is invariably linked to the well-being of the human race and vaccinations have been used to protect animals from many pathogens. Nonetheless, many traditional methods of vaccinations are based on injections with a few undesirable effects. Here, the authors provided an excellent review on the use of toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists loaded in nanoparticles (NP-TLR agonists) as a novel vaccination modality so as to improve on efficacy and reduced toxicity. Its applicability in the future will surely enhance the field. [ALTMETRIC and CITATIONS](https://precisionnanomedicine.org/prnano-482020)

Toll like receptors agonists-based nanomedicines as veterinary immunotherapies